move Sex to better types

Types, fns and vars are now written in another, better, more intuitive
and readable way.

Types:
"pointer to const char" is "* const char"
"array of pointers to volatile int" is "[* volatile int]"
Read left to right

Vars (as well as fn args, struct fields):
(var name type)
(struct vec3 ((x float) (y float) (z float))
(fn vec3-add ((v1 vec3) (v2 vec3)) vec3 ...)

Also fns are now have return types after arg list.

* is now must not be attached to any type name (or variable for that
matter)

example/fns.sex

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 ;;; Prototypes
-(fn void puk ())
+(fn puk () void)
 
-(pub fn void plak ())
+(pub fn plak () void)
 
 ;;; Functions
-(fn int foo () (return 1))
+(fn foo () int (return 1))
 
-(pub fn void bar ((int a) (int b))
+(pub fn bar ((a int) (b int)) void
   (printf "%d\n" (+ a b)))

example/hello-world.sex

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 (include stdio.h)
 
-(pub fn int main ((int argc) (char **argv))
+(pub fn main ((argc int) (argv  [* const char])) int
   (puts "Hello from Sex!")
-  (var (array char 512) name)
+  (var name [char 512])
   (puts "What is your name?")
-  (scanf "%s" (cast char* &name))
+  (scanf "%s" (cast (& name) (* char)))
   (printf "Hello, %s!\n" name)
   (return 0))

example/lambdas.sex

@@ -1,21 +1,21 @@
 (include stdio.h)
 
-(fn int sum ((int a) (int b))
+(fn sum ((a int) (b int)) int
   (return (+ a b)))
 
-(pub fn int main ()
-  (var int a 10)
-  (var int b 20)
-  (var (fn int ((int) (int))) sum-fn sum)
+(pub fn main () int
+  (var a int 10)
+  (var b int 20)
+  (var (fn ((int) (int)) int) sum-fn sum)
 
-  (var (fn int ((int) (int))) sum-lambda
+  (var (fn ((int) (int)) int) sum-lambda
 
-       (lambda int ((int a) (int b)) ()
+       (lambda ((a int) (b int)) int ()
          (return (+ a b))))
 
-  (var (fn int ((int))) sum-lambda-2
+  (var (fn ((int)) int) sum-lambda-2
 
-       (lambda int ((int a)) ()
+       (lambda ((a int)) int ()
          (return (+ a 20))))
 
   (printf "Hello from main fn!\n")
@@ -24,15 +24,28 @@
   (printf "Calling fn ptr: %d\n" (sum-fn a b))
   (printf "Calling lambda: %d\n" (sum-lambda a b))
   (printf "Calling other lambda: %d\n" (sum-lambda-2 a))
-  (printf "Calling lambda inplace: %d\n" ((lambda int ((int a) (int b)) ()
+  (printf "Calling lambda inplace: %d\n" ((lambda ((a int) (b int)) int ()
                                             (return (+ a b 100)))
                                           a b))
 
-  (var (fn int ((int))) l-1
-       (lambda int ((int a)) ()
-         (var (fn int ((int))) l-2
-              (lambda int ((int a)) ()
+  (var (fn ((int)) int) l-1
+       (lambda ((a int)) int ()
+         (var (fn ((int)) int) l-2
+              (lambda ((a int)) int ()
                 (return (+ 60 a))))
          (return (+ 600 (l-2 a)))))
   (printf "Calling nested lambdas: %d\n" (l-1 6))
+
+  ;; Not supported yet
+  ;; Closure
+  ;;  (var (fn (fn ((int)) int) ((int))) make-adder
+  ;;       (lambda (fn int ((int a))) ()
+  ;;         (return (lambda int ((int b)) (a)
+  ;;                   (return (+ a b))))))
+  ;;
+  ;;  (var (fn int ((int))) add-10
+  ;;       (make-adder 10))
+  ;;  (var (fn int ((int))) add-20
+  ;;       (make-adder 20))
+  ;;  (printf "Calling closures: %d\n" (add-10 24))
   (return 0))

example/list.sex

@@ -1,21 +1,21 @@
 (pub defmacro (list-T type)
   (let ((list-type (cat 'list- type)))
     `(struct ,list-type
-       ((,type value)
-        ((* (struct ,list-type)) next)))))
+       ((value ,type)
+        (next (* struct ,list-type))))))
 
 (pub defmacro (make-list-T type is-public?)
   (let ((list-type (list 'struct (cat 'list- type)))
         (fn-name (cat 'make-list- type)))
-    `(,@(if is-public? '(pub) '()) fn (* ,list-type) ,fn-name ()
-      (var (* ,list-type) list (cast (* ,list-type) (malloc (sizeof ,list-type))))
+    `(,@(if is-public? '(pub) '()) fn ,fn-name () (* ,list-type)
+      (var list (* ,list-type) (cast  (malloc (sizeof ,list-type)) (* ,list-type)))
       (= (-> list next) NULL)
       (return list))))
 
 (pub defmacro (add-value-list-T type is-public?)
   (let ((list-type (list 'struct (cat 'list- type)))
         (fn-name (cat 'add-value-list- type)))
-    `(,@(if is-public? '(pub) '()) fn void ,fn-name ((,list-type *list) (,type value))
+    `(,@(if is-public? '(pub) '()) fn ,fn-name ((list * ,list-type) (value ,type)) void
       (while (!= (-> list next) NULL)
         (= list (-> list next)))
       (= (-> list next) (,(cat 'make-list- type)))
@@ -24,23 +24,24 @@
 (pub defmacro (length-list-T type is-public?)
   (let ((fn-name (cat 'length-list- type))
         (list-type (list 'struct (cat 'list- type))))
-    `(,@(if is-public? '(pub) '()) fn size-t ,fn-name ((,list-type *list))
-      (var size-t n 0)
+    `(,@(if is-public? '(pub) '()) fn ,fn-name ((list ,(cons '* list-type))) size-t
+      (var n size-t 0)
       (while (!= (-> list next) NULL)
         (= list (-> list next))
         (++ n))
       (return n))))
 
 (pub defmacro (is-empty-list-T type is-public?)
-  `(,@(if is-public? '(pub) '()) fn bool ,(cat 'is-empty-list- type)
-    ((,(list 'struct (cat 'list- type)) *list))
+  `(,@(if is-public? '(pub) '()) fn ,(cat 'is-empty-list- type)
+    ((list ,(list '* 'struct (cat 'list- type))))
+    bool
     (return (== (-> list next) NULL))))
 
 (pub defmacro (list-for-each list-type list-var elt-type elt-var what-do)
   (let ((list-var-2 (cat list-var '-2)))
     `(begin
-      (var (pointer ,list-type) ,list-var-2 ,list-var)
-      (var ,elt-type ,elt-var (-> ,list-var-2 value))
+      (var ,list-var-2 (* ,list-type) ,list-var)
+      (var ,elt-var ,elt-type (-> ,list-var-2 value))
       (while (!= (-> ,list-var-2 next) NULL)
         ,what-do
         (= ,list-var-2 (-> ,list-var-2 next))

example/test-list.sex

@@ -5,12 +5,12 @@
 (import list)
 
 (struct foo
-  ((float a-field)
-   (int b)
-   ((const char *) c)
-   ((fn bool ((bool val))) not)))
+  ((a-field float)
+   (b int)
+   (c (* const char))
+   (not (fn ((val bool)) bool))))
 
-(var (struct foo) f)
+(var f (struct foo))
 
 (list-T int)
 (make-list-T int #f)
@@ -18,15 +18,16 @@
 (length-list-T int #f)
 (is-empty-list-T int #f)
 
-(extern fn void puk ((int a) (float b)))
-(pub fn bool baz () (return true))
+(extern fn puk ((a int) (b float)) void)
+(pub fn baz () bool
+  (return true))
 
-(extern var int i)
-(var int j)
-(pub var int k)
+(extern var i int)
+(var j int)
+(pub var k int)
 
-(pub fn int main ()
-     (var (struct list-int) *l (make-list-int))
+(pub fn main () int
+     (var l (* struct list-int) (make-list-int))
      (printf "Size of the list: %lu\n" (length-list-int l))
      (add-value-list-int l 3)
      (add-value-list-int l 4)
@@ -35,9 +36,9 @@
        (printf "%d " v))
      (printf "\n")
      (printf "Size of the list: %lu\n" (length-list-int l))
-     (printf "%p\n" (cast void* l->next))
+     (printf "%p\n" (cast l->next (* void)))
      (return 0))
 
-(pub fn void print-list (((const struct list-int) *l))
+(pub fn print-list ((l (* const struct list-int))) void
      (list-for-each (const struct list-int) l int v (printf "%d " v))
      (printf "\n"))